The side that was written on was the horizontal side, which was called a recto, where the fibers were parallel to the length of the roll and lines of writing. In determining which side of the papyrus was the verso or recto, the kollese is was vital. The sheets were pasted in a way that the left side of a sheet was always over the right in any kolleseis or join. The beginning of the roll began with the protokollon or unwritten sheets and often ended with an umbilicus, which was a wooden stick unattached used for unrolling. Also, a Greek roll did not exceed more than 11 meters (36 feet). With that in mind, the longest Ancient Egyptian roll was around 40 meters (131 feet). However, a scribe possessed the ability to determine the length of the roll by cutting off or adding individual sheets to their desired length for the text. Ī conventional roll was sold as twenty sheets pasted together. Different Parts of a Scroll Rolled-up Scroll. In order to create a roll, the sheets were glued together with a paste made from flour that dissolved in boiling water and mixed together with vinegar. On individual sheets, any rough spots were rubbed smooth using ivory and shell, so writing surface was not as scaly. After the sheet was formed, the sheet was left to dry in the sun. The layers were then pressed forming sheets. The strips were then pounded with a mallet to remove the excess water. Then, the ends of the strips were squared off to form neater borders of the two layers. The papyrus strips were then flattened onto a board, wet from the Nile. The process began from the act of separating the entire triangular stalk into very thin, but broad strips. The only place to obtain any papyrus was from Egypt as papyrus could only be manufactured from fresh papyrus.Ī construction of two layers of papyrus fibers, which were laid perpendicularly to each other, made up a papyrus sheet. And so much of what is known about the process comes from Pliny’s account. However, many scholars reconstructed knowledge of the process through the analysis of Pliny’s somewhat misinformed description and modern-day experimentation. The knowledge of the production of a papyrus sheet is unknown as the Egyptians never recorded the process. As a result, the modern-day papyrus in Egypt came from Paris. On the other hand, when the papyrus plant was no longer cultivated as writing material, the act caused the extinction of the species, Cyperus Papyrus L., in Egypt. Since 3000 BC, the plant was native only to Egypt and considered the major distributor to the rest of the Mediterranean world. However, the material taken from a papyrus plant predominately composed the scrolls of the ancient world. Ī scroll was a roll constructed of material that ranged from papyrus to parchment. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.This post will provide you with an overview that will leave you with a general idea of the different aspects of the scroll from production to importance. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. at It was reviewed on 7 March 2021 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-zero. This image was originally posted to Flickr by Gary Lee Todd, Ph.D. CC0 Creative Commons Zero, Public Domain Dedication false false You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. The person who associated a work with this deed has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of their rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap Description Ancient Egypt Papyrus Scroll of the Dead (28671122851).jpgĮgyptian Gallery, Neues Museum, Berlin, Germany.
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